Sunday, September 15, 2019

The first US Internet screen is a trade barrier. China rebuts

The USTR's latest annual report first included the Chinese government's blocking of international websites including Google, Facebook and Twitter as "trade barriers", making the dispute between the United States and China in this regard. No longer staying at the level of discussion on diplomacy and human rights issues.

The report also pointed out that especially since Xi Jinping's administration, the phenomenon of international websites being completely shielded in China has deteriorated; 8 of the 25 most popular websites in the world have been blocked in China.

China has long used the so-called "The Great Firewall" to block the Internet service websites used by hundreds of millions of people around the world, such as Google, Facebook and Twitter.

According to Reuters, the US official said that blocking the websites of people around the world as everyday tools has weakened the ability of international companies including US companies to conduct business in China. In addition, China has blocked most of the world's largest news. website.

The report also pointed out that a US ordinary furniture company whose website was blocked by China pointed out that this furniture company that has nothing to do with politics and does not threaten China's national security should be shielded. It actually proves that China's Internet shielding policy is international. The company has formed a trade barrier.
China demands respect for rights

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The Chinese Foreign Ministry said at a regular press conference on April 8: "The Internet in China is booming and provides a broad space for development for enterprises from all over the world. China's policy of attracting foreign investment will not change, and policies to protect the legitimate rights and interests of foreign companies in China. It will not change, and the policy for foreign companies to create a good business environment in China will not change. We hope that countries will respect the Internet development path, management model, public policy and the right to participate in international Internet governance independently chosen by other countries."

In recent years, the contradiction between the United States and China in the field of science and technology has been on the rise. In 2015, the Obama administration should raise its dissatisfaction with the Chinese government on some of the provisions of the US “Anti-Terrorism Law”, which they believe are suspected of rejecting foreign high-tech companies.

Beijing has always insisted on strict control of the Internet in order to protect national security and stability, and has never accepted criticism from the United States through channels such as the Foreign and Human Rights Forum.

In the past, US trade officials have conducted investigations into China’s “Great Wall of Fire”. In 2011, the US Trade Office stated that China's network filtering mechanism is a commercial barrier that harms the interests of US companies. The United States submitted some formal issues to China through the World Trade Organization (WTO).

The US Internet giants and large foreign trade groups have long carried out lobbying activities and want the United States to treat China’s censorship as a trade issue.

For example, in 2008, Google’s deputy general counsel attended a hearing of a subcommittee in the Senate, claiming that the US government should include this in the core issues of trade negotiations.

Some analysts pointed out that even without the Internet to block disputes, there are already many difficult trade disputes between the United States and China. Therefore, it is hard to say whether the United States listed the Internet blocking policy as a trade barrier that could eventually lead to substantial changes.

Saturday, September 7, 2019

Clearly set limits

The notice issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on Sunday (22nd) requires investigation of its illegal business operations for the three types of business markets: Internet Data Center (IDC), Internet Access Service (ISP) and Content Distribution Network (CDN).

Among them, the document clearly requires: “Without the approval of the telecommunications administration, no other channels such as dedicated lines (including virtual private network VPN) may be established or leased to carry out cross-border business activities.”

"International radio lines leased by basic telecommunications enterprises to users shall be centralized to establish user files, which shall be clearly used by users only for their internal office use, and shall not be used to connect data centers or service platforms at home and abroad to carry out telecommunication business operations."

The English-language version of the Global Times quoted "Shanghai independent information technology expert Li Yi" (transliteration) said that it is necessary for China to take these measures to combat cross-border cybercrime and "purify cyberspace."

Li Yi said: "Some multinational companies like Microsoft have a reasonable need to communicate with headquarters through VPN, but some companies or individuals browse overseas websites for illegal purposes."

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Organizations such as the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) have long criticized China's freedom to restrict citizens' access to the Internet. The US Trade Representative Office (USTR) listed the "Great Wall" policy as a trade barrier for the first time last year.

China insists that foreign countries should respect China's Internet policy. Chinese President Xi Jinping also recently reiterated China's "network sovereignty."

Xi Jinping said in a video speech at the opening ceremony of the Third World Internet Conference in November last year: "China is willing to work with the international community to adhere to the common prosperity of mankind, adhere to the concept of network sovereignty, and promote global Internet governance toward a more just and reasonable Moving forward, promoting cyberspace to achieve equal respect, innovation and development, open sharing, and safe and orderly goals."

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The upheaval in Eastern Europe, Iraq, Libya, Syria, which is not the first to be controlled by the West, the night is a demon, not to mention a small country, Gorbachev gave up media control, the Soviet Union collapsed overnight, everywhere Isn't the pro-Western country not firmly controlling the media? Therefore, there are many countries with Western electoral systems, but there are very few press freedoms. How many countries that yearn for "freedom" are being fooled, and those who think they are not free can understand right and wrong? Freedom is always serving the overlord. Think about the internationalization of goods and trade. The first one is about the United Kingdom, then the United States. Now, holding up the banner of globalization, the free trade is actually the so-called socialist China! Whoever dominates, who will advocate the so-called freedom, if Chinese is a lingua franca, China's media dominates, and the world depends on CCTV, China guarantees that it will not restrict media freedom. The advantage of the freedom will be the game between the big powers and the weak countries. The seemingly equal freedom is the sharp edge of the strong. The various restrictions are only weak.

Friday, September 6, 2019

Does China have a legitimate VPN?

Many people still have a lot of needs for VPN, such as foreign trade business, access to technical documents, and social networking with friends and relatives abroad. If there are no VPNs, many foreign websites may not be able to access them in China, such as Google, and then Facebook, Twitter, etc. Many people are looking for it. Since it is illegal to use VPN privately, is there any legal VPN service in China or a way to legally access the Internet?

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The answer is yes, because there are many multinational companies in China, and their business is spread all over the world. If they can't access the Internet, they are the first to bear it. Secondly, all walks of life in the country need to be in line with international technology and information. It is necessary to have normal access to the external network in China.

Articles 58 and 64 of the Telecommunications Regulations of the People's Republic of China expressly prohibit organizations and individuals from operating international telecommunication services without authorization, and require that international communication services within the territory of China must be conducted through the International Communications Portal.

In January 2017, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the “Notice on Clearing the Regulation of the Internet Network Structure Service Market”. The “Notice” requires: “No other channels such as virtual private network VPNs may be established or leased without the approval of the telecommunications administration. To carry out cross-border business activities. The international private lines leased by the basic telecommunications enterprises to users should focus on the establishment of user files, which are clearly used by users only for their internal office use. They should not be used to connect domestic and foreign data centers or business platforms to carry out telecommunication business operations. activity". The object of the notification specification is mainly for enterprises and individuals who have not been approved by the telecommunications administration and have no international communication business qualifications. They rent international lines or VPNs and carry out cross-border telecommunication business operations in violation of regulations.

It can be seen from this notice that the enterprises and individuals that have not been approved by the competent telecommunications authorities and have no international communications business qualifications have been approved without approval. At present, China's three major telecom operators and China Radio and Television It is approved.

Since the three major operators have legitimate external access channels, then we can apply directly to the external network. However, it should be noted here that the opening of the external network access channel in China is mainly for the company's organization, and is not open to individuals. In other words, even if you are willing to pay the fee, you cannot apply for the international channel to the three major operators in your own name.

For operators, enterprises need to apply for the second type of value-added telecommunications business license, the minimum registered capital is 1 million yuan; the minimum registered capital is 10 million in the country or across provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. Yuan Renminbi. Other necessary schools, research institutes, other government agencies, etc. also need to apply, after the review, the external network can be opened. When reviewing, you must write out the purpose of accessing the external network, access the data, etc., and applications that do not have the conditions may be rejected.

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At present, the fees charged by the three major operators for accessing the external network are about 2m per year, about 20,000, 10m bandwidth is about 50,000 per year, and the cost of 500m is about 1.4 million per year. This cost is still very expensive for the individual, so the individual does not think about it at all. Now that the fiber is in the household, the household broadband is 100m, the annual fee is only a few hundred yuan, and the international water bandwidth of 2m can do? Looking at a web page may be a card.

Since it is unrealistic for an individual to apply for international channel access, can they register a company and apply for an international line in the name of the company, such as 500m, and then lease it to others? The answer is no, because the international bandwidth application is for written purposes and is only used for specific purposes such as office and international trade. At the same time, if you rent your own bandwidth to others, you need a telecom operation license. If you want to think about it, don't think about it. It is illegal to have no license. The above provisions have been written very clearly, and should not be used to connect data centers or business platforms at home and abroad to carry out telecommunication business operations. Bar Jing will definitely think about it. If I don't charge for other people to use it for free, I can't say it clearly because the bandwidth of the application can only be used by my own company and cannot be shared with the public.

Even if you have money, there is a suitable company to apply for the extranet, but you may not be able to afford it. At present, the deployment of the external network will take about three months. If the pre-approval is not smooth, it will be easy to spend half a year. There may not be a desire to go online. Based on the comprehensive application conditions, price, deployment time and other information, China's VPN service is prepared for the institutions that are just needed, and the individual users who are on the rise are essentially not friendly.

In 2018, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology carried out clean-up work on the Internet access service market nationwide. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology investigates and punishes illegal activities such as unlicensed operation, over-range operation, and “layer-level sublease” in the Internet data center (IDC) business, Internet access service (ISP) business, and content distribution network (CDN) business market, and effectively implements The main responsibility of the enterprise is to strengthen the management of business licenses and access resources, strengthen the management of network information security, maintain a fair and orderly market order, and promote the healthy development of the industry.

The layer subletting problem mentioned above is for Internet access providers. International bandwidth subletting and subletting are also illegal, so it is illegal to sublet without qualification.

With the tightening of state supervision, the number of VPNs that individuals can use at present is becoming less and less. There are basically no people in the country doing this kind of business because they may face penalties at any time. A series of traditional overseas VPN service providers such as Green and Skywalk have basically stopped service. Their servers are not closed or their IP addresses are blocked and cannot be connected to the international network. Most overseas VPNs that can be used at present are also shot for one IP, which is extremely stable in use and may be disconnected at any time.

Existing VPNs are not convenient, so can VPNs be used in China? At present, the 5m exclusive bandwidth virtual host in the United States is only a few hundred yuan a year, and the independent host provided by Google and others can be charged according to the flow rate, and the tariff may be lower. The method of setting up a VPN is as simple as graduating from junior high school, knowing Chinese characters and simple English. This is a simple matter. But here I still advise everyone to give up this idea. Although the technical difficulty of setting up VPN is very low, the cost of using it is very high. If the VPN is used improperly, it will reveal sensitive information such as your personal privacy and bank account, and if you browse inappropriate comments. May be held accountable.

So don't build and use VPN for curiosity, don't just want to watch a short video and go to youtube. At present, the domestic Internet is very developed. WeChat doesn't lose Facebook, Youku doesn't lose YouTube, Baidu doesn't lose Google, what else is necessary. What about the external network?
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Tuesday, September 3, 2019

"Selective law enforcement"

Li Zhian believes that the enforcement of the Chinese authorities' control network is in a tight schedule. It used to be technically blocking IP, and it has now begun to be legally enforced.

For the netizens who use tens of millions of Internet users in China, the measures taken by the authorities are “selective law enforcement”. The basis is “how much the impact of the over-the-wall behavior on the country and how sensitive the government feels,” said Li Zhian.

"If you look at a highly politically sensitive website, or spread a wall that is not appropriate for the government, it is likely to become an obvious law enforcement target, and the penalties will be high."

Zhang Shaobin, a lawyer at Taiwan’s Hesheng Law Firm, told BBC Chinese. “The (VPN) connection is only a means. Whether the content of the connection involves national interests or national security is another matter.”

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As for the authorities' efforts to combat "over the wall" based on cybersecurity or freedom of speech, Zhang Shaobin believes that more cases are needed to judge, and each similar case must clarify the difference between the two.

Liu Yuan of Suzhou expressed helplessness in suppressing the VPN, but said that he would still use VPN. "I feel that many people around me are using it, not so serious!"

Zheng Tao of Wuhan said that in the future, only a small amount of VPNs will be used in public places, and the information found will only be used for scientific purposes.

"Read-only!" Zheng Tao said in a computer terminology that his read-only information is not distributed.

The Interim Provisions have not yet become true legal provisions. However, Li Zhian said that if Guangdong Province further issues local-level laws and regulations, once it reaches consensus among different management levels in China, it may become a national law.